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Metis Artist An Old Soul

BIOGRAPHY
Gino Odjick Looks To Golf As A New Career

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Native Teen Coming-of-Age Tale

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Joint Ventures Key to Haisla Plan for the Future

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EDUCATION
UWO Native Studies Centre hosts Ward Churchill

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Bee in the Bonnet: Aren't You Special

POLITICS
Robert Nault Will Not Seek Re-Election

Ward Churchill, Cherokee professor of American Indian Studies at Boulder's Colorado University, lived up to his advance publicity as "one of the most outspoken Native American activists" when he visited London's University of Western Ontario recently.

His subject, "Racism, Colonization and Genocide: The New World Order" challenged the audience of close to 150 Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people, mostly students, to think in a new way about Indigenous history and the Original peoples' relationship with both Canada and the United States.

As a member of the American Indian Movement (AIM) security team at the Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota in the early 1970's, Churchill met an elder, Matthew King, who said he "admired" the young men for "the fire in your belly" but "I don't know what you're trying to accomplish. You will get your bearings from looking behind to see where you've come from, to know where you are, so you can know how to look ahead to see where you're going."

The four-year old Native child will know that the Elder was speaking of "the Great Mystery", Churchill said, while university students are studying "epistemology" and reading books by (MIT University rofessor) Noam Chomsky on "actual reality," "truth" and "accessible truth."

"I speak with a harsh voice," he said, "but I speak in truth. Each person is different and we must try to find a common denominator. We need to find ways of communicating with one another."

Churchill offers definitions from the Aboriginal, First Nations perspective, which are inclined to turn the non-Aboriginal person's views upside down. While the settler/immigrant populations of Canada have thought of "Indians" as one race of people, in fact what "Portuguese explorers trying to circumvent the Muslim peoples to get to India" in the late 15th century encountered were "fully self-sufficient, self-governing and independent nations in Turtle Island" so "where did we go off the rails?" he asked.

The power of Churchill's message is his ability to share with us the history of our continent (and he indicates that the "nation" of Canada is in fact a "colony" of the United States since we are so dominated by U.S. policy and values). Following his address, Churchill was asked why changes in Canada could not be accomplished through starting a new political party to promote different policies.

"Not possible," said Churchill, "because you would "have to build a participatory constituency" that is not possible with the current political system. "We have to learn how to think for ourselves," he said.

And here are some more "Churchillisms":

- Colonialism happened when states seeking "power, profit and prestige" oppressed the Indigenous peoples of Turtle Island.
- The "Indian" residential school (IRS) was intended to "deculturate" indigenous peoples, and to "reculturate" them to the dominant society.
- Genocide is not just "killing" people. It can be accomplished through sterilisation; through "forced dispersal" of peoples from their territories so they lose their "mental map"; through flooding of homeland with resulting loss of food, and prehistoric burial grounds by which they know themselves to be a people; through residential school programs and policies.
- First Nations people must reassert themselves "not through revolution, nor evolution, but by devolution".
- In Canada, the named and numbered treaties are not being respected although they are recognised in international law. Native people must re-channel their energy "to assert those rights".
- Canadians have to figure out for "yourselves if you reassert the rights of all people, how you will affirm the respect of each person under those rights. We should unite. Our only "right" is to leave the world a better place for our children.. That's the Indigenous way of viewing our place in the world."

To his Aboriginal brothers and sisters, he said: "you have a land base; become self-sustaining in your territories". His definition of indigenous: "I believe my people walked out of a lake. From time immemorial people define themselves so far as it can be remembered in the community of a people. Every people has its own story. It comes down to knowing ourselves as the way we are. It's "scientific knowledge" versus "stories which form my belief".

"I greatly value Ward Churchill's emphasis on the intellectual work that is needed alongside political activism which is the goal of the new First Nations Studies Program at the University of Western Ontario," said Dr. Regna Darnell who heads Western's First Nations department. "Ward tells his own story in ways that help others, both Native and non-Native, to move forward in mutual respect."

Frank Stilson, a non-Native community social justice activist, found Churchill's "clear analysis very inspirational" and his "action plan is clear," he said.

"We must look at our history and our present reality intelligently, and consider actions to bring about fundamental change to individuals and structures around us."

The first step begins with people in this land thinking about obstacles that stop or hinder our creative, emotional, physical, and spiritual beliefs. Communities must develop and gain strength from each other and build economic structures which nurture human beings on this earth.